Proportion is the relationship of two or more elements in a design and how they compare with one another.Visual elements create a sense of unity where they relate well with one another.This indicates the relative visual size width, and weight of a particular graphical elements in a design composition.Movement can be accomplished simply by using a photograph or clip art of something moving - a runner - as opposed to something stationary - a person standing. Movement can be achieved by using graphic elements that direct the eye in a certain direction such as arrows that point the way overtly or a series of lines or dots that get progressively larger or smaller, creating a more subtle sense of movement. Movement is creating an instability, making motion to blur the image. Disharmony can also be used just as it is in musical compositions: to enhance the emotional complexity, to challenge the viewer, and to give a contrast within the overall composition. Designers can use this principle to create visual connections and relationships that clarify and strengthen the overall "feel" and meaning of the design.Īs with music, graphical elements can be said to be working in harmony - the individual parts come together as visually compelling and a meaningful whole. The overall perception of gestalt in a design is created through harmony, unity, balance, proportion, proximity, and other visual cues. When viewing designs, humans apply this principle unconsciously by seeing connections and relationships among and between the elements in the design. Sometimes considered a distinct principle of design, gestalt is the concept that "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts." Gestalt is a concept from psychology, where theorists note the propensity of humans to conceptually group things together to make a meaningful whole. Graphic elements gain emphasis through size, visual weight, color, complexity, uniqueness, placement on the page, and other features. Bold and italic type provides emphasis for text. Emphasis can be achieved in graphic design by placing elements on the page in positions where the eye is naturally drawn, by using other principles such as contrast, repetition, or movement. Making a specific element stand out or draw attention to the eye. As contrast in size diminishes, monotony is approached. Another way to describe contrast, is to say "a small object next to a large object will look smaller". For text, contrast is achieved by mixing serif and sans-serif on the page, by using very different type styles, or by using type in surprising or unusual ways. Some ways of creating contrast among elements in the design include using contrasting colors, sizes, shapes, locations, or relationships. In this context perfectly symmetrical and linear compositions are not necessarily balanced and so asymmetrical or radial distributions of text and graphic elements can achieve balance in a composition.ĭistinguishing by comparing/creating differences. A design composition does not have to be symmetrical or linear to be considered balanced, the balance is global to all elements even the absence of content. Humans can evaluate these visual elements in several situations to find a sense of balance. "Balance" is a concept based on human perception and the complex nature of the human senses of weight and proportion. one design element is positioned with respect to another element within the same frame.ĭesigns in balance (or equilibrium) have their parts arrangement planned, keeping a coherent visual pattern (color, shape, space). Alignment can also be done respectively, i.e. Graphic design considerations influence all visual aspects of our technological society and is an intrinsic part the shared human culture.Īlignment is the act of keeping design objects in line - not only vertically or horizontally, but across any linear plane. It may be a contributor to many other forms of art and craft, for example the elaboration of typefaces used in print and media, the order and flow of presentation of a cartoon, to the creation of road signs or even emoji. From clarification or expansion of information via visual aids to the arousal of emotional and aesthetic feelings in an artistic way. Graphic design can be used for advertising, or just for entertainment intended for the mind. Graphic design are definitions, rules and considerations of design applied to the visual medium, for communication by the use of visual objects that may include words, lights, graphs and shapes to pass information to the viewer.
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